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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mttp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Международная торговля и торговая политика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>International Trade and Trade Policy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2410-7395</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2414-4649</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФГБОУ ВО "Российский экономический университет им. Г.В. Плеханова"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21686/2410-7395-2025-3-80-93</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mttp-808</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МИРОВОЕ ХОЗЯЙСТВО</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>WORLD ECONOMY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Проблемы фермерских хозяйств стран Северной и Восточной Африки в условиях зависимости от импорта: классификационный подход</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Problems of Farmers in the Countries of North and East Africa Under Import Dependence: Classification</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чапичев</surname><given-names>М. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chapichev</surname><given-names>M. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Максим Дмитриевич Чапичев, аспирант кафедры мировой экономики</p><p>109992, Москва, Стремянный пер., д. 36</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maksim D. Chapichev, Post-Graduate Student of the Department of World Economy</p><p>36 Stremyanny Lane, Moscow, 109992</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">m.chapichev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский экономический университет имени Г. В. Плеханова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Plekhanov Russian University of Economics</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>80</fpage><lpage>93</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Чапичев М.Д., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Чапичев М.Д.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Chapichev M.D.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://mttp.rea.ru/jour/article/view/808">https://mttp.rea.ru/jour/article/view/808</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье систематизированы проблемы фермерских хозяйств стран Северной и Восточной Африки в условиях зависимости от импорта. Методологическая основа исследования включает четыре ключевые концепции: институциональную теорию, теорию продовольственной безопасности, теорию устойчивого развития и теорию импортозависимости. Их комплексное применение позволило рассмотреть влияние как макроэкономических, так и микроэкономических факторов, формирующих уязвимость фермерских хозяйств региона к внешним рыночным изменениям. Использованы методы системного анализа, контент-анализа стратегических документов и классификации. Это позволило выявить основные блоки проблем фермеров прямо связанных с импортозависимостью (высокая стоимость импортных товаров, отсутствие современных технологий и оборудования), косвенно связанных (нехватка инвестиций, низкая рентабельность, деградация земель), а также независимых от импорта (политические барьеры, низкий уровень образования, неразвитая инфраструктура). Предложенные классификации учитывают характер влияния проблем (системных и операционных) и уровень их управляемости (решаемых на уровне фермерских хозяйств, государства или требующих международного сотрудничества). Выявлено, что решение обозначенных проблем требует комплексного подхода, сочетающего реформирование аграрной политики, развитие локальной инфраструктуры и кооперативов, повышение образовательного уровня фермеров и внедрение инновационных технологий. Полученные результаты могут быть использованы при формировании стратегии устойчивого развития агропромышленного комплекса стран Северной и Восточной Африки, направленной на снижение импортозависимости и повышение продовольственной безопасности.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article systematizes the problems of farms households in North and East African countries under conditions of import dependence. The methodological foundation of the study incorporates four key concepts: institutional theory, food security theory, sustainable development theory, and import dependence theory. Their comprehensive application made it possible to examine both macroeconomic and microeconomic factors that shape the vulnerability of the region’s farming households to external market fluctuations. The article employs methods of systems analysis, content analysis of strategic documents, and classification, which enabled the identification of the primary groups of farmers’ problems: those directly related to import dependence (e.g., high cost of imported goods, lack of modern technologies and equipment), indirectly related (lack of investments, low profitability, land degradation), as well as independent of imports (political barriers, low educational levels, underdeveloped infrastructure). The proposed classifications take into account the nature of these issues (systemic or operational) and their level of manageability (resolvable at the level of farming households, the state, or requiring international cooperation). It is revealed that addressing these problems necessitates a comprehensive approach that combines reforms in agricultural policy, the development of local infrastructure and cooperatives, improvement in farmers’ education, and the introduction of innovative technologies. The findings can be used to formulate a sustainable development strategy for the agro-industrial complex of North and East African countries aimed at reducing import dependence and enhancing food security.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сельское хозяйство</kwd><kwd>аграрная политика</kwd><kwd>продовольственная безопасность</kwd><kwd>импортозамещение</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>agrarian policy</kwd><kwd>food security</kwd><kwd>import substitution</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Анимица Е. Г., Анимица П. Е., Глумов А. А. Импортозамещение в промышленном производстве региона: концептуально-теоретические и прикладные аспекты // Экономика региона. – 2023. – № 3. – С. 164–172.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Animitsa E. G., Animitsa P. E., Glumov A. A. 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