mttpМеждународная торговля и торговая политикаInternational Trade and Trade Policy2410-73952414-4649ФГБОУ ВО "Российский экономический университет им. Г.В. Плеханова"10.21686/2410-7395-2024-1-36-50mttp-666Research ArticleМИРОВАЯ ЭКОНОМИКА И МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫЕ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ ОТНОШЕНИЯWORLD ECONOMY AND INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC RELATIONSИННОВАЦИИ БЕЗ НИОКР: КАК ТАКОЕ ВОЗМОЖНО? ПЕРЕЛИВ ЗНАНИЙ И ИННОВАЦИОННЫЙ РЕЖИМ DUI НА ПРИМЕРЕ НЕМЕЦКИХ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЙINNOVATION WITHOUT R&D: HOW IS THIS POSSIBLE? KNOWLEDGE SPILLOVERS AND DUI MODE OF INNOVATION ON THE EXAMPLE OF GERMAN ENTERPRISESБукшнайтисД. Е.BukshnaitisD. E.

Денис Евгеньевич Букшнайтис, соискатель кафедры мировой экономики, экономического факультета

119991, Москва, Ленинские горы, д. 1, строение 46

Denis E. Bukshnaitis, The Applicant of the Department of World Economics, Faculty of Economics

46 building, 1 Leninskie gory, Moscow, 119991

denisnn777@gmail.comФроловА. В.FrolovA. V.

Андрей Викторович Фролов, доктор экономических наук, доцент кафедры мировой экономики экономического факультета; доцент кафедры экономической теории

119991, Москва, Ленинские горы, д. 1, строение 46

117997, Москва, Стремянный пер., д. 36

Andrey V. Frolov, Doctor of Economics, Associate Professor of the Department of World Economics, Faculty of Economics; Associate Professor of the Department of Economic Theory

46 building, 1 Leninskie gory, Moscow, 119991

36 Stremyanny Lane, Moscow, 117997

vamik@inbox.ruМосковский государственный университет имени М. В. ЛомоносоваРоссияLomonosov Moscow State UniversityRussian FederationМосковский государственный университет имени М. В. Ломоносова; Российский экономический университет имени Г. В. ПлехановаРоссияLomonosov Moscow State University; Plekhanov Russian University of EconomicsRussian Federation2024020520241013650Copyright © Букшнайтис Д.Е., Фролов А.В., 20242024Букшнайтис Д.Е., Фролов А.В.Bukshnaitis D.E., Frolov A.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://mttp.rea.ru/jour/article/view/666

Передовые в экономическом и техническом отношении страны мира отличаются от развивающихся стран наличием большого числа конкурентоспособных инновационно активных предприятий. Особую значимость для глобальной экономики имеют высокотехнологические нововведения. По этой причине многие экономисты и политические деятели склонны недооценивать значение инноваций, внедряемых малыми и средними фирмами из низко- и среднетехнологичных отраслей экономики. МСП приобретают готовые технологические решения на рынке либо внедряют инновации в режиме DUI (обучение путем использования-взаимодействия). Теоретическая концепция DUI объясняет, почему малые и средние предприятия добиваются успеха в области исследований и разработок (НИОКР) без особых усилий. В статье рассматриваются теоретические вопросы внедрения инноваций без НИОКР, а также приводятся данные эмпирических исследований инновационной активности, полученные в ходе опросов Mannheimer Innovationspanel немецкого института ZEW и Modernisierung der Produktion немецкого НИИ Frauenhofer ISI за период 2002–2020 гг.

Economically and technically advanced nations differ from developing countries by having numerous competitive, innovative and active enterprises. High-tech innovations are particularly important for the global economy, for this reason, many economists and politicians tend to underestimate the importance of innovations introduced by small and medium-sized firms from low- and medium-tech sectors of the economy. In their innovation activities, SMEs acquire ready–made technological solutions on the market, or introduce innovations in a special way – in the DUI mode. The theoretical concept of DUI (learning by doing, using and interacting) explains why many small and medium-sized enterprises succeed in innovation without research and development (R&D) efforts. This article examines the theoretical issues of introducing innovations without R&D, and also provides data from empirical studies of innovation activity obtained during the surveys Mannheim Innovation Panel of the Leibniz Centre for European Economic Research and German Manufacturing Survey of the Frauenhofer ISI Research Institute for the period 2002–2020.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.