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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mttp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Международная торговля и торговая политика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>International Trade and Trade Policy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2410-7395</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2414-4649</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФГБОУ ВО "Российский экономический университет им. Г.В. Плеханова"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21686/2410-7395-2022-3-7-23</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mttp-535</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МИРОВАЯ ЭКОНОМИКА И МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫЕ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ ОТНОШЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>WORLD ECONOMY AND INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC RELATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Политическая экономия и санкции против России: причины и следствия, взгляд эксперта</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Political economy and sanctions against Russia: causes and consequences, expert opinion</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пономаренко</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ponomarenko</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елена Васильевна Пономаренко доктор экономических наук, профессор, заведующая кафедрой политической экономии</p><p>117198, Москва, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, д. 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena V. Ponomarenko. Doctor of Economics, Professor, Head of the Department of Political Economy</p><p> 6 Miklukho-Maklaya Street, Moscow, 117198</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">elponomarenko@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский университет дружбы народов</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Peoples' Friendship University of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>11</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>8</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>7</fpage><lpage>23</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Пономаренко Е.В., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Пономаренко Е.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ponomarenko E.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://mttp.rea.ru/jour/article/view/535">https://mttp.rea.ru/jour/article/view/535</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье анализируется природа международных санкций в XXI в. с точки зрения политиче­ской экономии. Показано, что санкции носят деструктивный характер не только для стран - объектов санкций, но разрушительны и для вводящих эти санкции государств. Автор прихо­дит к выводу, что основной причиной санкций традиционно выступает фундаментальный глобальный кризис, который, по сути, знаменует собой процесс изменения гегемона в миро­вой экономике. Именно в попытках сохранить свое лидирующее положение и не имея для этого базовых экономических и даже политических возможностей, а также ресурсов, проиг­рывая конкуренцию новым потенциальным лидерам, гегемон применяет такие меры, как санкции. Автор подчеркивает, что Запад, применяет все более жесткие санкции по отноше­нию к России, которые не являются чем-то принципиально новым для нашей страны, столк­нувшейся с санкционным давлением еще в начале ХХ в. В связи с этим наша страна вынуж­дена решать возникшие серьезные проблемы, так же как и страны-инициаторы санкций. Для поддержки национальной экономики государство использует многочисленные инстру­менты.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article analyzes the nature of international sanctions in the XXI century from the point of view of political economy. It is shown that sanctions are destructive not only for the target countries of sanctions, but also destructive for the States imposing these sanctions. The author comes to the conclusion that the main reason for sanctions is traditionally a fundamental global crisis, which, in fact, marks the process of changing the hegemon in the world economy. It is in an attempt to maintain its dominant position and not having basic economic and even political capabilities for this, as well as resources, losing competition to new potential leaders, that the hegemon applies such measures as sanctions. The author emphasizes that the West is applying increasingly strin­gent sanctions against Russia, which are not something fundamentally new for our country, which faced sanctions pressure back in the early twentieth century. In this regard, our country is forced to solve the serious problems that have arisen, as well as the countries that initiated the sanctions.</p><p>The State uses numerous instruments to support the national economy.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>история и последствия санкций</kwd><kwd>смена мирового лидера</kwd><kwd>государственная поддержка</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>history and consequences of sanctions</kwd><kwd>change of the world leader</kwd><kwd>state support</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">АйДрус И. А. З., Иванов А. Л. 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