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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mttp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Международная торговля и торговая политика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>International Trade and Trade Policy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2410-7395</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2414-4649</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФГБОУ ВО "Российский экономический университет им. Г.В. Плеханова"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21686/2410-7395-2022-2-31-39</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mttp-517</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МИРОВАЯ ЭКОНОМИКА И МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫЕ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ ОТНОШЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>WORLD ECONOMY AND INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC RELATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Глобальное соперничество в новых технологических реалиях</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Global competition in new technology realities</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4464-2916</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лебедева</surname><given-names>Л. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lebedeva</surname><given-names>L. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Людмила Федоровна Лебедева, доктор экономических наук, профессор, главный научный сотрудник</p><p>123995, Москва, Хлебный пер., д. 2/3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Liudmila F. Lebedeva, Doctor of Economics, Professor, Chief Researcher</p><p>2/3 Khlebny per., Moscow, 123995</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">l.lebedeva@iskran.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аксенов</surname><given-names>П. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Aksenov</surname><given-names>P. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Павел Андреевич Аксенов, кандидат экономических наук, старший научный сотрудник</p><p>123995, Москва, Хлебный пер., д. 2/3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pavel A. Aksenov, PhD, Senior Researcher</p><p>2/3 Khlebny per., Moscow, 123995</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">p.aksenov@iskran.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт США и Канады РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute for the US and Canadian Studies</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>07</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>8</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>31</fpage><lpage>39</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Лебедева Л.Ф., Аксенов П.А., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Лебедева Л.Ф., Аксенов П.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Lebedeva L.F., Aksenov P.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://mttp.rea.ru/jour/article/view/517">https://mttp.rea.ru/jour/article/view/517</self-uri><abstract><p>Перераспределение позиций в мире в условиях нарастания конкуренции в научно-технологической сфере актуализирует всестороннюю оценку готовности стран к новым реалиям конкурентной борьбы, политики Соединенных Штатов, направленной на сдерживание технологического развития соперников. Наряду с увеличением затрат на исследования и разработки, претерпевшие структурные изменения в последние годы, возрастающего внимания требуют такие индикаторы технологического развития, как обеспечение научными, инженерно-техническими кадрами; уровень внедрения новейших разработок, использование их в промышленности; степень взаимодействия в национальных научно-исследовательских системах государства, бизнеса, научных центров. В статье рассмотрены сравнительные данные по странам таких показателей, как доступ к финансированию, развитие информационно-коммуникационных технологий, кадровый потенциал, интенсивность НИОКР, внедрение передовых технологий в промышленность, каждый из которых отражает исключительно важную составляющую национальных научно-технологических потенциалов. В России вопросы освоения новейших технологий не только в ключевых отраслях, но и по широкому их спектру, стоят особенно остро. Укрепление экономического потенциала на основе передовых технологий является одним из ключевых элементов позиций Российской Федерации в системе международных отношений, противодействия внешним вызовам, в том числе связанным с недружественными действиями иностранных государств, санкциями, ограничениями в торгово-экономической практике.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Global competition in modern realities with rapid changes in technology brings new tasks for national policies, taking into consideration tightening restrictions on technology exports. So improving competitive strategy, with new technologies being a critical part of it, finding additional pathways to meet the challenges is on the agenda. The paper focuses on ranking countries not only by creating technologies, including frontier ones, but being prepared for them as well. The readiness index has been designed to rank countries by national capabilities to create, use, adopt and adapt technologies. This index includes such elements as R&amp;D activities, ICT development, skills, the capacity to use in industry, access to finance. Among the best - ready countries are the United States, followed by Switzerland, the United Kingdom, Sweden, Singapore, the Netherlands, the Republic of Korea. Most of the least-ready countries are in the developing countries. The ranking by each element is not less important and shows wide range of inequalities between countries as to skills or the capacity to use new technologies in industry or access to finance etc. Strengthening all of these elements are critically important for meeting competitive challenges.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>национальная конкурентоспособность</kwd><kwd>передовые технологии</kwd><kwd>Российская Федерация</kwd><kwd>Китай</kwd><kwd>США</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>national competitiveness</kwd><kwd>new technologies</kwd><kwd>the Russian Federation</kwd><kwd>China</kwd><kwd>the United States</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Статья подготовлена по материалам исследования при финансовой поддержке РФФИ в рамках научного проекта № 20-014-00001 A «Глобальные и региональные последствия экономической политики США во втором – начале третьего десятилетия XXI века: новые вызовы и возможности для России»</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The article was prepared based on research materials with the financial support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research within the framework of the scientific project No. 20-014-00001 A "Global and regional consequences of US economic policy in the second – beginning of the third decade of the XXI century: new challenges and opportunities for Russia</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лебедева Л. 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