<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mttp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Международная торговля и торговая политика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>International Trade and Trade Policy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2410-7395</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2414-4649</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФГБОУ ВО "Российский экономический университет им. Г.В. Плеханова"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21686/2410-7395-2021-3-43-49</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mttp-466</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МИРОВАЯ ЭКОНОМИКА И МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫЕ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ ОТНОШЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>WORLD ECONOMY AND INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC RELATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Стартап – экосистема: опыт Израиля</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Startup ecosystem: the experience of Israel</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савина</surname><given-names>Н. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Savina</surname><given-names>N. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Наталья Павловна Савина, кандидат экономических наук, доцент кафедры мировой экономики</p><p>117997, Москва, Стремянный пер., д. 36</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia P. Savina, PhD, Associate Professor of the Department of World Economy</p><p>36 Stremyanny Lane, Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Savina.NP@rea.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карпова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karpova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Карпова Елизавета Артуровна, магистрант программы «Международное предпринимательство» кафедры мировой экономики</p><p>117997, Москва, Стремянный пер., д. 36</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elizaveta A. Karpova, Master's Student of the Program "International Entrepreneurship" of the Department of World Economy</p><p>36 Stremyanny Lane, Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sam-pkb@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский экономический университет имени Г. В. Плеханова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Plekhanov Russian University of Economics</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>10</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>7</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>43</fpage><lpage>49</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Савина Н.П., Карпова Е.А., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Савина Н.П., Карпова Е.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Savina N.P., Karpova E.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://mttp.rea.ru/jour/article/view/466">https://mttp.rea.ru/jour/article/view/466</self-uri><abstract><p>Израиль является одной из наиболее благоприятных стран для ведения предпринимательской и инновационной деятельности с самым большим количеством стартапов на душу населения. В статье проанализирована культура создания стартапов, сложившаяся в Израиле в результате государственной политики, направленной на развитие венчурного капитала и привлечение в страну иностранных ТНК. В рамках данной культуры стартап-проекты в большинстве случаев создаются с целью активного привлечения средств и их скорейшей продажи иностранным компаниям для извлечения прибыли. Однако данная модель создает угрозу для стабильности экономики в долгосрочной перспективе. В стране наблюдается нехватка крупных компаний, способных осуществлять внутренние инвестиции. Более того, происходит утечка из страны наиболее востребованных и прогрессивных технологий. Внимание в большей степени уделяется количеству новых стартапов и размеру их капитализации, а не укоренению внутри страны. В результате Израиль характеризуется одним из самых низких показателей уровня освоения технологий среди развитых стран. Для обеспечения долгосрочной конкурентоспособности необходимы реформы, направленные на удержание интеллектуальной собственности внутри страны и ее внедрение в отрасли национальной экономики.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Israel is one of the most favorable countries for conducting entrepreneurial and innovative activities with the largest number of startups per capita. The article analyzes the culture of creating startups that has developed in Israel as a result of the state policy aimed at developing venture capital and attracting foreign TNCs to the country. Within the framework of this culture, startup projects are in most cases created with the aim of actively attracting funds and selling them to foreign companies as soon as possible to make a profit. However, this model poses a threat to the stability of the economy in the long term. There is a shortage of large stable companies in the country that are able to carry out domestic investments. Moreover, there is a leakage of the most popular and progressive technologies from the country, attention is paid more to the number of new startups and their capitalization, rather than rooting within the country. As a result, Israel is characterized by one of the lowest indicators of the level of technology development among developed countries. To ensure the long-term competitiveness of the country, reforms are needed aimed at retaining intellectual property within the country and its implementation in the branches of the national economy.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Израиль</kwd><kwd>экзит</kwd><kwd>слияния и поглощения</kwd><kwd>IPO</kwd><kwd>инновации</kwd><kwd>технологии</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Israel</kwd><kwd>exit</kwd><kwd>M&amp;A</kwd><kwd>IPO</kwd><kwd>innovations</kwd><kwd>technologies</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Марьясис Д. А. Опыт построения экономики инноваций. Пример Израиля. – М. : ИВ РАН, 2015.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Maryasis D. A. Opyt postroeniya ekonomiki innovatsiy. Primer Izrailya [Experience in Building an Innovation Economy. The Example of Israel]. Moscow, Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2015. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Invest in Israel : Doing Business in Israel Report, 2018. – URL: https://investinisrael.gov.il/HowWeHelp/Pages/Resources.aspx (дата обращения: 09.06.2021).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Invest in Israel, Doing Business in Israel Report, 2018. Available at: https://investinisrael.gov.il/HowWeHelp/Pages/Resources.aspx (accessed 09.06.2021).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Israel Economy Profile : Global Competitiveness Report, 2019. – URL: https://reports.weforum.org/global-competitiveness-report-2019/economy-profiles/#economy=ISR (дата обращения: 07.06.2021).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Israel Economy Profile, Global Competitiveness Report, 2019. Available at: https://reports.weforum.org/global-competitiveness-report-2019/economy-profiles/#economy=ISR (accessed 07.06.2021).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mizroch A. 530 Multinationals from 35 Countries Innovating in Israel // Forbes. – 2019. – URL: https://www.forbes.com/sites/startupnationcentral/2019/05/27/530-multinationals-from-35-countries-innovating-inisrael/#19d7cf483f5d (дата обращения: 11.06.2021).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mizroch A. 530 Multinationals from 35 Countries Innovating in Israel, Forbes, 2019. Available at: https://www.forbes.com/sites/startupnationcentral/2019/05/27/530-multinationals-from-35-countries-innovating-inisrael/#19d7cf483f5d (accessed 11.06.2021).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">PwC Exit Report, 2020. – URL: https://www.pwc.com/il/en.html (дата обращения: 16.06.2021).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">PwC Exit Report, 2020. Available at: https://www.pwc.com/il/en.html (accessed 16.06.2021).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rugraff E., Hansen M. W. Multinational Corporations and Local Firms in Emerging Economies. – Amsterdam : Amsterdam University Press, 2011. p. 53</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rugraff E., Hansen M. W. Multinational Corporations and Local Firms in Emerging Economies. Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Press, 2011, p. 53</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Startup Nation Central : Human Capital Survey Report, 2019. – URL: https://innovationisrael.org.il/en/news/2019-high-tech-human-capital-report (дата обращения: 12.06.2021).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Startup Nation Central : Human Capital Survey Report, 2019. Available at: https://innovationisrael.org.il/en/news/2019-high-tech-human-capital-report (accessed 12.06.2021).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Start-Up Nation Central Annual Report, 2019. – URL: https://lp.startupnationcentral.org/annualreport/ (дата обращения: 08.06.2021).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Start-Up Nation Central Annual Report, 2019. Available at: https://lp.startupnationcentral.org/annualreport/ (accessed 08.06.2021).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">The 15 Biggest Acquisitions in Israeli History. – URL: https://www.israel21c.org/the-15-biggest-acquisitions-in-israeli-history/ (дата обращения: 10.06.2021).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">The 15 Biggest Acquisitions in Israeli History. Available at: https://www.israel21c.org/the-15-biggest-acquisitions-in-israeli-history/ (accessed 10.06.2021).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">WIPO Global Innovation Index Report, – 2020. – URL: https://www.wipo.int/global_innovation_index/en/2020/ (дата обращения: 10.06.2021).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">WIPO Global Innovation Index Report, 2020. Available at: https://www.wipo.int/global_innovation_index/en/2020/ (accessed 10.06.2021).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
