mttpМеждународная торговля и торговая политикаInternational Trade and Trade Policy2410-73952414-4649ФГБОУ ВО "Российский экономический университет им. Г.В. Плеханова"10.21686/2410-7395-2021-1-81-100mttp-429Research ArticleЭКОНОМИЧЕСКАЯ ИНТЕГРАЦИЯECONOMIC INTEGRATIONКомпаративный анализ состояния сельского хозяйства Японии, Южной Кореи, КитаяCOMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE STATE AND REGULATION OF AGRICULTURE IN JAPAN , SOUTH KOREA AND CHINAИвановаС. В.IvanovaS. V.

Светлана Васильевна Иванова - доктор экономических наук, профессор кафедры мировой экономики 

 117997, Москва, Стремянный пер., д. 36.

Svetlana V. Ivanova - Doctor of Economics, Professor of the Department for World Economy

36 Stremyanny Lane, Moscow, 117997

ivanova.sv.rea@gmail.coЛатышовА. В.LatyshovA. V.

Артем Вячеславович Латышов - младший научный сотрудник ОНЦ «Торговля»

 117997, Москва, Стремянный пер., д. 36.

Artyom V. Latyshov - Junior Researcher of the Scientific Center Trade

 36 Stremyanny Lane, Moscow, 117997

latyshov.av@rea.ruРоссийский экономический университет имени Г. В. ПлехановаРоссияPlekhanov Russian University of EconomicsRussian Federation2021260320217181100Copyright © Иванова С.В., Латышов А.В., 20212021Иванова С.В., Латышов А.В.Ivanova S.V., Latyshov A.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://mttp.rea.ru/jour/article/view/429

Статья посвящена изучению общих и особенных характеристик состояния и государственного регулирования сельского хозяйства трех стран Восточной Азии: Китая, Японии, Южной Кореи. Определено наличие целого ряда исторически сложившихся схожих черт, связанных с  азиатским  способом  производства,  малоземельем,  высоким  уровнем  зависимости  от  импорта продуктов питания, стремительной урбанизацией и высокой плотностью многочисленного населения. Тема продовольственной безопасности весьма актуальна для всех трех стран. Компаративный анализ позволил выявить и конкретизировать ряд важных различий в процессе и итогах модернизации сельского хозяйства трех стран, в том числе в части уровня и  скорости  технико-технологического  развития,  внутренней  государственной  поддержки сельского  хозяйства,  внешнеторговой  политики,  изменений  сальдо  торгового  баланса  по сельскохозяйственным товарам, включенности стран в импорт ГМ-семян и производство органических продуктов питания, позиций в рейтингах индекса глобальной продовольственной безопасности. Сделан акцент на вопросах коммерциализации биотехнологических культур и стратегии Китая, направленной на будущее мировое доминирование в сфере аграрной науки и технологий. Используя механизм международных корпоративных слияний и поглощений, китайская компания с государственным участием вошла в пятерку мировых лидеров по производству ГМ-семян и ИТ-платформ для ведения точного земледелия.

The article is devoted to the study of general and special characteristics of the condition and state regulation  of  agriculture  in  three  East  Asian  countries:  China,  Japan,  and  South  Korea.  It  is determined  that  there  are  several  historical  similarities  associated  with  the  Asian  way  of production,  low  land  use,  high  dependence  on  food  imports,  rapid  urbanization  and  high population density. The topic of food security is relevant for all three countries. The comparative analysis made it possible to identify and specify important differences in the process and results of the modernization of agriculture in the three countries. Especially in terms of the level and speed of technical and technological development, domestic state support for agriculture, foreign trade policy, changes in the trade balance for agricultural goods, the inclusion of countries in the import of GM seeds and the production of organic food, positions in the ratings of the global food security index. The article focuses on the issues of commercialization of biotechnological crops and China's strategy aimed at future global dominance in the field of agricultural science and technology.  Using  the  mechanism  of  international  corporate  mergers  and  acquisitions, the Chinese company with state participation entered the top five world leaders in the production of GM seeds and IT platforms for precision farming.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.