<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mttp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Международная торговля и торговая политика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>International Trade and Trade Policy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2410-7395</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2414-4649</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФГБОУ ВО "Российский экономический университет им. Г.В. Плеханова"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21686/2410-7395-2018-2-91-103</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mttp-243</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МИРОВАЯ ЭКОНОМИКА И МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫЕ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ ОТНОШЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>WORLD ECONOMY AND INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC RELATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>НАЛОГОВАЯ РЕФОРМА ТРАМПА И АМЕРИКАНСКИЙ БИЗНЕС</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>TRUMP’S TAX REFORM AND AMERICAN BUSINESS</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аксенов</surname><given-names>П. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Aksenov</surname><given-names>P. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат экономических наук, старший научный сотрудник,</p><p>123995, Москва, Хлебный пер., д. 2/3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PHD, Senior Researcher,</p><p>2/3 Khlebny per., Moscow, 123995</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pasha12098@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт США и Канады РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute for US and Canadian Studies of Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>07</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>91</fpage><lpage>103</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Аксенов П.А., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Аксенов П.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Aksenov P.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://mttp.rea.ru/jour/article/view/243">https://mttp.rea.ru/jour/article/view/243</self-uri><abstract><p>Ключевой задачей налоговой реформы Д. Трампа является стимулирование экономического роста посредством снижения налоговых ставок и предоставления налоговых вычетов. В статье рассматривается влияние Закона о сокращении налогов и создании рабочих мест 2017 г. на американский бизнес и макроэкономические показатели, состояние государственных финансов. Снижение налоговых ставок создает значительные преимущества для американских компаний, которые ведут бизнес на территории США. Планируется, что высвобождаемые дополнительные средства компании направят на развитие и инвестиции в основной капитал. Снижение налоговых ставок для крупных корпораций позволит привлечь дополнительные инвестиции в создание новых производств на территории США. Проанализированы экспертные оценки и прогнозы роста ВВП США в рамках текущего и альтернативного сценария, а также влияние Закона на рост расходов бюджета. Реформа потребует значительных затрат, которые в ближайшие годы приведут к росту дефицита федерального бюджета и увеличению государственного долга, что может нивелировать положительный эффект в долгосрочной перспективе. Несмотря на это, налоговые стимулы запускают рыночные механизмы роста в экономике, что позволяет сделать проблему растущего государственного долга более управляемой.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The key aim of the Trump’s large-scale tax reform is to stimulate economic growth by lowering tax rates and providing tax deductions. The article examines the impact of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act on American business and macroeconomic indicators. Reduced tax rates create significant advantages for companies doing business in the United States. Companies, primarily small businesses, expected to use additional cash for capital investments and development. Lowering tax rates will attract large corporations to invest in opening new facilities in the United States. The author analyzed the expert assessments and US GDP growth forecasts in the current and alternative scenario, as well as the impact of the Act on the growth of budget expenditures. Reform requires significant expenses and will cause budget deficit and public debt growth in the coming years, which can completely neutralize the positive effects at the micro level in the long term. However, tax incentives trigger market growth mechanisms in the economy, which helps to make the problem of growing public debt manageable and to overcome cyclical economic crises with less losses.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>налоговая реформа</kwd><kwd>бизнес</kwd><kwd>США</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>tax cuts act</kwd><kwd>small business</kwd><kwd>public debt</kwd><kwd>budget deficit</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Аксенов П. А., Емельянов С. В. Роль пенсионных фондов в финансировании государственного долга США // Управление. – 2017. – № 1. – С. 93–97.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aksenov P. A., Emel'yanov S. V. Rol' pensionnyh fondov v finansirovanii gosudarstvennogo dolga SSHA [The Role of Pension Funds in Financing US Federal Debt]. Upravlenie, 2017, No. 1, pp. 93-97. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Государство и бизнес: стратегия взаимодействия в экономике XXI в. – М. : ИСКРАН, 2012.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gosudarstvo i biznes: strategiya vzaimodejstviya v ehkonomike XXI v. [Government and Business: Strategy in the US Economics XXI Century]. Moscow, ISKRAN, 2012. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Емельянов С. В., Лебедева Л. Ф. США: новые контуры бюджетной политики // Международная торговля и торговая политика. – 2017. – № 3 (11). – С. 120–133.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Emel'yanov S. V., Lebedeva L. F. SSHA: novye kontury byudzhetnoj politiki [New Outlines of Budget Policy]. Mezhdunarodnaya torgovlya i torgovaya politika. 2017, No. 3 (11), pp. 120–133. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лебедева Л. Ф. Социальное измерение бюджетно-налоговых инноваций в период президентства Трампа // Контуры глобальных трансформаций: политика, экономика, право. – 2018. – № 2.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lebedeva L. F. Social'noe izmerenie byudzhetno-nalogovyh innovacij v period prezidentstva Trampa [Budget Innovations at the Period of Trump’s Presidency: Social Dimension]. Kontury global'nyh transformacij: politika, ehkonomika, pravo, 2018, No. 2. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">США: Экономика и бюджетная политика / отв. ред. Л. Ф. Лебедева. – М. : Весь мир, 2017.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">SSHA: Ehkonomika i byudzhetnaya politika [US: Economy and Budget Policy], еdited by L. F. Lebedeva. Moscow, Ves’ mir, 2017. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bryan B. Here’s How the Newly Passed GOP Tax Bill Will Impact the Economy, Businesses, the Deficit and Your Wallet. Business Insider, 2017. – December 20. – URL: http://www.businessinsider.com/trump-goptax-reform-bill-impact-economy-business-debt-income-2017-12 (дата обращения: 25.03.2018).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bryan B. Here’s How the Newly Passed GOP Tax Bill Will Impact the Economy, Businesses, the Deficit, and Your Wallet. Business Insider, 2017. December, 20. Available at: http://www.businessinsider.com/ trump-gop-tax-reform-bill-impact-economy-business-debt-income-2017-12 (accessed 25.03.2018).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cost Estimate for the Conference Agreement on H.R.1. Congressional Budget Office, 2017.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cost Estimate for the Conference Agreement on H.R.1. Congressional Budget Office, 2017.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">D’Angelo M. How Will the New Tax Law Impact Small Business? // Business News Daily. 2017. – December 20. – URL: https://www. businessnewsdaily.com/10357-small-business-tax-reform-changes.html (дата обращения: 02.04.2018).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">D’Angelo M. How Will the New Tax Law Impact Small Business? Business News Daily. 2017, December 20. Available at: https://www. businessnewsdaily.com/10357-small-business-tax-reform-changes.html (accessed 02.04.2018).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Growing the Deficit. The Senate Passes the Tax Bill. Democracy in America Blog // The Economist. – 2017. – December 2. – URL: https:// www.economist.com/blogs/democracyinamerica/2017/12/growingdeficit (дата обращения: 02.04.2018).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Growing the Deficit. The Senate Passes the Tax Bill. Democracy in America Blog, The Economist. 2017, December 2. Available at: https://www.economist.com/blogs/democracyinamerica/2017/12/ growing-deficit (accessed 02.04.2018).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Macroeconomic Analysis of the Conference Agreement for H.R. 1, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. The Joint Committee on Taxation, 2017.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Macroeconomic Analysis of the Conference Agreement for H.R. 1, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. The Joint Committee on Taxation, 2017.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Macroeconomic Analysis of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. Urban-Brookings Tax Policy Center, 2017.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Macroeconomic Analysis of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. Urban-Brookings Tax Policy Center, 2017.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">National Taxpayers Union Foundation. The Impact of the TCJA on the Debt and the Deficit NTUF Issue Brief #174 February 14, 2018. – URL: https://www.ntu.org/foundation/detail/the-impact-of-the-tcja-on-thedebt-and-the-deficit (дата обращения: 05.04.2018).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">National Taxpayers Union Foundation. The Impact of the TCJA on the Debt and the Deficit NTUF Issue Brief #174 February 14, 2018. Available at: https://www.ntu.org/foundation/detail/the-impact-of-the-tcja-on-thedebt-and-the-deficit (accessed 05.04.2018).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Preliminary Details and Analysis of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. Tax Foundation, 2017. – December. – URL: https://files. taxfoundation.org/20171220113959/TaxFoundation-SR241-TCJA-3.pdf (дата обращения: 01.04.2018).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Preliminary Details and Analysis of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. Tax Foundation, 2017, December. Available at: https://files. taxfoundation.org/20171220113959/TaxFoundation-SR241-TCJA-3.pdf (accessed 01.04.2018).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Singh A. Small Business Tax Planning: How the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act Will Impact You in 2018. GetApp lab. – 2018. – March 31. – URL: https://lab.getapp.com/small-business-tax-planning-how-the-tax-cuts-andjobs-act-will-impact-you-in-2018 (дата обращения: 03.04.2018).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Singh A. Small Business Tax Planning: How the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act Will Impact You in 2018. GetApp lab. 2018, March 31. Available at: https://lab.getapp.com/small-business-tax-planning-how-the-tax-cuts-andjobs-act-will-impact-you-in-2018 (accessed 03.04.2018).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tax Cuts and Jobs Act: an Overview of What The New Federal Tax Law Means to Your Business and You. NFIB: Small Business Association, 2018. – URL: https://www.nfib.com/webinars/tax-cuts-andjobs-act/ (дата обращения: 02.04.2018).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tax Cuts and Jobs Act: an Overview of What The New Federal Tax Law Means to Your Business and You. NFIB: Small Business Association, 2018. Available at: https://www.nfib.com/webinars/tax-cutsand-jobs-act/ (accessed 02.04.2018).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">United States Economic Forecast, 1st Quarter 2018. Deloitte Insights. – 2018. – March 13. – URL: https://www2.deloitte.com/ insights/us/en/economy/us-economic-forecast/2018-q1.html (дата обращения: 07.04.2018).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">United States Economic Forecast, 1st Quarter 2018. Deloitte Insights. 2018, March 13. Available at: https://www2.deloitte.com/ insights/us/en/economy/us-economic-forecast/2018-q1.html (accessed 07.04.2018).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
