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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mttp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Международная торговля и торговая политика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>International Trade and Trade Policy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2410-7395</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2414-4649</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФГБОУ ВО "Российский экономический университет им. Г.В. Плеханова"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mttp-206</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ И НАУКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SCIENCE AND EDUCATION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>США: НОВЫЕ КОНТУРЫ БЮДЖЕТНОЙ ПОЛИТИКИ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>US: NEW TRENDS IN SHAPING BUDGET POLICY</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лебедева</surname><given-names>Л. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lebedeva</surname><given-names>L. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор  экономических наук, профессор,  руководитель  Центра социально-экономических исследований и проектов.</p><p>123995, Москва, Хлебный пер., д. 2/3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Economics, Professor, Head of the Center for Social-Economic Studies and Projects.</p><p>2/3 Khlebny per, Moscow, 123995</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Liudran@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Емельянов</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Emelianov</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор экономических наук, профессор РАН,  ведущий  научный сотрудник  Центра  социально-экономических  исследований.</p><p>123995, Москва, Хлебный пер., д. 2/3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Economics, Professor RAS, Leading Researcher, of the Center for Social-Economic Studies..</p><p>2/3 Khlebny per., Moscow, 123995</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">es73@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт США и Канады РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute for USA and Canada Studies of Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>12</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>120</fpage><lpage>133</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Лебедева Л.Ф., Емельянов С.В., 2017</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Лебедева Л.Ф., Емельянов С.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Lebedeva L.F., Emelianov S.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://mttp.rea.ru/jour/article/view/206">https://mttp.rea.ru/jour/article/view/206</self-uri><abstract><p>Приход к власти в США президента Д. Трампа может изменить бюджетные приоритеты, в том числе в сфере финансирования исследований и разработок. В статье рассматриваются возможные последствия и риски трансформации структуры бюджетных расходов с учетом ограничений, связанных с бюджетными дефицитами, государственным долгом и растущими выплатами по нему процентов. Сложившаяся ситуация и новые контуры бюджетной политики анализируются в сравнении с особенностями финансирования исследований и разработок в предшествующие периоды. В фокусе внимания – роль государственной политики, ее специфика и механизмы реализации в сфере НИОКР в зависимости от конкретного исторического периода, достигнутого консенсуса ветвей власти. Проанализирована структура расходной части федерального бюджета, возможные направления наращивания и сокращений бюджетных ассигнований, структурные особенности финансового обеспечения сферы научных исследований и разработок.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Donald Trump’s economic and political goals may significantly reshape US federal budget priorities. The possible consequences of the planned  changes in budget structure are examined by the authors in view of supporting research and development sector, taking into consideration the constraints imposed by growing budget deficits, gross debt of the federal government and net interest payments on it. Contemporary situation and new policies are being compared with the previous periods when the US government was also running annual budget deficit. The significance of developing of innovative products and services and bringing innovative technology products and services to market are in focus along with the government role in developing research projects  and commercialization their results. In view of President Trump’s budget proposals to make cuts across many federal programs, including financing the National Institutes of Health and certain programs to train health professionals, funding of these Institutes is analyzed. It is pointed out that effective national policy in science and technology remains one of the key US priorities, though the instruments of its implementing, the structure of funding are being in the process of transformation.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>бюджетная  политика</kwd><kwd>бюджетный дефицит</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>научные  исследования</kwd><kwd>федеральный бюджет</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Выступление президента России В. В. Путина на церемонии награждения российских ученых и деятелей культуры в Кремле 12 июня 2017 г. – URL: http://kremlin.ru/events/president/news/54763 (дата обращения: 14.06.2017).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vystuplenie prezidenta Rossii V. V. Putina na tseremonii nagrazhdeniya   rossiyskikh   uchenykh   i   deyateley   kul'tury   v   Kremle iyunya. 2017 g. 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